The University of the West of Scotland are missing from the 2022/23 academic year as their data was not finalised in time for publication. Data for this provider will be included in a future update to the HE-BCI open data.
Intellectual property (IP) includes patents, copyrights, design registrations and trademarks. IP is a vital indicator for understanding the impact and value added by HE providers working with external partners. Tables on this page demonstrate the scale of IP generated by HE providers.
From 2021/22, HE providers were not required to restate previous year's figures as part of their latest data submission. For more details of the restated methodology for each specific table or chart please see the corresponding footnote.
Income from intellectual property
This table breaks down income from intellectual property by type of organisation and source of income (whether from software licences, non-software licences, or other IP income sources).
Table 4c - Intellectual property income (including patents, copyright, design, registration and trade marks) by HE provider
The following chart and table show spin-offs and start-up companies based on HE providers’ intellectual property, or started by their staff, students or graduates.
Click and drag to highlight an area on the chart below to zoom in. Right-click to reset the view.
Spin-offs are companies set-up to exploit IP that has originated from within the HE providers.
Spin-offs with some HE provider ownership are companies set-up to exploit IP that has originated from within the HE provider, where the HE provider continues to have some ownership.
Formal spin-offs, not HE provider-owned are companies set-up based on IP that has originated from within the HE provider but where the HE provider has released ownership (usually through the sale of shares and/or IP).
Staff start-ups are companies set-up by active (or recent) HE provider staff but not based on IP from the HE provider.
Student start-ups include all new businesses started by students currently registered at the reporting HE provider or who have exited the reporting HE provider with an award within the last two years, regardless of where any IP resides, but only where there has been formal business/enterprise support from the HE provider.
Social enterprises include organisations that rate their success on their social outcomes equally or more than their commercial outcomes
Table 4e - Intellectual property: Spin-off activities by HE provider
Open data licence: CC-BY-4.0