Introduction - Resources 2002/03

This publication is one of four reference volumes published annually by the Higher Education Statistics Agency (HESA). HESA is a company limited by guarantee, and is owned by the United Kingdom (UK) higher education sector through the representative bodies Universities UK and the Standing Conference of Principals. HESA collects data from publicly funded higher education institutions (HEIs) in the UK on behalf of funding bodies and government departments, in a framework underpinned by legislation.

This volume brings together information about the finances and the staff of HEIs during the academic year 2002/03, that is, the period 1 August 2002 to 31 July 2003. It covers data supplied by 171 HEIs (133 in England, 14¹ in Wales, 20 in Scotland, 4 in Northern Ireland). The data collection procedure is uniform across all institutions, regardless of size, nature, and location. Tabulations are included which record and analyse income and expenditure, and the characteristics of staff, at the institutional level.

The other reference volumes published by HESA are as follows.

Students in Higher Education Institutions. This volume draws on HESA’s collection of data about students in HEIs. It includes information at the institutional level about entry qualifications, programmes taken, and outcomes, together with background variables such as age, gender, ethnicity, social class, and disability data on HE provision in further education colleges (FECs) is not included in this volume except for students funded indirectly through HEIs, in which case it is reported by the HEI through which funding passes.

Destinations of Leavers from Higher Education Institutions. This volume draws on the newly introduced Destination of Leavers (DLHE) survey, the successor to the First Destinations Supplement (FDS), and provides information about patterns of employment and further study or training at a point about six months after completion. DLHE covers leavers from part-time as well as full-time courses, a major extension relative to FDS.

Higher Education Statistics for the United Kingdom. This is the only HESA reference volume that currently falls within the National Statistics framework, and it accordingly carries the National Statistics logo as well as that of HESA. It provides an overview of higher education in the UK from a statistical perspective, including statistics about applications, participation, institutional finance, staffing, student awards, and loans. To achieve this broad coverage, this volume draws on data collected by other bodies as well as HESA, and in particular includes some information about directly funded HE provision in FECs.

HESA also publishes annually two Statistical First Releases within the National Statistics framework; the Higher Education Management Statistics at sector and (on CD) institutional level; detailed data for institutional planning purposes on CD (HE Planning Plus and HE Finance Plus); and occasional Research Datapacks. The HESA Information Provision Service exists to meet more specialist needs of data users on a bespoke basis.

Data protection

Due to the provisions of the Data Protection Act 1998 and the Human Rights Act 1998, HESA implements a strategy in published and released tabulations designed to prevent the disclosure of personal information about any individual. These tabulations are derived from the HESA non-statutory populations and may differ slightly from those published by related statutory bodies. This strategy involves rounding all numbers to the nearest 5. A summary of this strategy is as follows:

• 0, 1, 2 are rounded to 0
• All other numbers are rounded to the nearest 5.

So for example 3 is represented as 5, 22 is represented as 20, 3286 is represented as 3285 while 0, 20, 55, 3510 remain unchanged.

This rounding strategy is also applied to total figures; the consequence of which is that the sum of numbers in each row or column will rarely match the total shown precisely. Note that subject level data calculated by apportionment will also be rounded in accordance with this strategy.

Average values, proportions and FTE values prepared by HESA will not usually be affected by the above strategy, and will be calculated on precise raw numbers. However, tabulations derived from the New Aggregate Staff Record (Tables 17 and 18) will be rounded. Percentages calculated on populations which contain less than 50 individuals will be suppressed and represented as '..' as will averages based on populations of 7 or less.

Format of publications

During the period leading up to the cycle of publications based on 2002/03 data, HESA has consulted widely about the use made of its publications and the changes users would like to see. This has confirmed that extensive use is made of these publications and that there are no tables within them that could be removed without loss. Indeed, users have asked for additional material, both in the form of extra tables and more detailed breakdowns within tables. It would not be practicable to provide some of the detailed breakdowns in a paper publication, and in any event another user request has been to make the material available in a computer-readable form. Accordingly, this year we have greatly reduced the number of printed pages, retaining in the printed format only a limited range of tables, and have included a CD with each copy. The CD contains all the remaining data on the pattern familiar to users from earlier years and supplements this with new and more detailed tables.

The tables on the CD are offered in Microsoft® Excel format (version 5 - XLS extension). This has the further benefit of allowing users to select data from the tables and manipulate how it is displayed. However, arithmetical manipulations should be carried out with caution because of the effect of the rounding strategy described above.

Finance data

This commentary draws attention to some of the headline figures and key points which emerge from the main tables. The information is displayed graphically where appropriate. It should be noted that where comparisons are made between the latest financial year and a previous year, the previous year’s figures are as re-stated (except where otherwise stated) in the most recent financial statements available. They are not therefore necessarily reconcilable with figures for that year published in previous HESA volumes. However, it is understood that all such figures can be reconciled to the published accounts of the institutions.

Because of rounding, published totals in finance tables may differ from the sum of the published figures which contribute to them.

Summary of key points

Balance sheet

• Tangible assets have increased by £1,348 million (9.1%)
• There has been a substantial increase of £299 million in short-term borrowing but also an increase of £155 million in short-term investments.²

Income and expenditure

• Income during the year amounted to £15.6 billion
• The surplus of income over expenditure was £210 million.

Sources of income

• Funding council grants increased by £354 million (6.2%)
• The amount of income received from tuition fees and education grants & contracts increased by 12.0%. EU domiciled students (including UK domiciled students) charged full-time HE course standard fees accounted for 34.8% of income from those sources
• Research councils provided 31.6% of research grants & contracts, the largest share of the total.

Expenditure

• Increases of £614 million in staff costs and £246 million in other operating expenses largely accounted for a 6.3% rise in total expenditure.

Balance sheet

A comparison of the HE sector’s balance sheet at 31 July 2003 with that at 31 July 2002 shows a £299 million increase in short-term creditors while amounts due after more than one year have increased by £227 million. This increase in short-term borrowing was matched by a substantial increase in debtors (£126 million).

The value of tangible assets has increased by £1,348 million (9.1%), and endowment assets have increased by £34 million (1.5%). Endowments (specific and general) have also increased by £34 million from last year, compared with a decrease of £308 million from 2001 to 2002.

Table A - Balance sheet(#6)
	Balance (£ millions) as at 31 July
	2003	2002	Change	% change
Fixed assets
Tangible assets	16120	14772	1348	9.1%
Investments	516	512	4	0.8%
Total	16636	15284	1352	8.8%
Endowment assets
Cash at bank	122	128	-6	-4.9%
Other Investments	2259	2218	40	1.8%
Total	2381	2346	34	1.5%
Current assets
Stock	60	66	-6	-8.7%
Debtors	1926	1799	126	7.0%
Investments	1737	1582	155	9.8%
Cash at bank & in hand	811	680	132	19.4%
Total	4534	4127	407	9.9%
Creditors: amounts falling due within one year	3605	3306	299	9.1%
Net current assets	929	821	108	13.1%
Total assets less current liabilities	19945	18452	1493	8.1%
Creditors: amounts falling due after more than one year	2951	2723	227	8.4%
Provisions for liabilities & charges	430	423	8	1.8%
Net Assets	16564	15305	1258	8.2%
Deferred capital grants	4600	3810	791	20.8%
Endowments
Specific	1971	1955	16	0.8%
General	411	393	18	4.6%
Total	2382	2348	34	1.5%
Reserves	9581	9148	433	4.7%
Total	16564	15305	1258	8.2%
# see relevant footnote in notes to tables.

Income and expenditure

The income of the HE sector totaled £15.6 billion during the financial year to 31 July 2003; this compares with £14.5 billion for the previous year. The surplus/deficit of income over expenditure increased by £147.9 million from £62.1 million in 2001/02 to £210 million in 2002/03.

Table B - Total income and expenditure, financial years 2002/03 and 2001/02(#6)
			(£ thousands)
	2002/03	2001/02	% change
Income	15561971	14500299	7.3%
Expenditure	15351955	14438177	6.3%
Surplus/deficit(#7)	210016	62122	238.1%
Surplus/deficit(#7) as percentage of income	1.3%	0.4%
# see relevant footnote in notes to tables.

To provide the context for these figures, Chart 1 shows the HE sector’s surplus/deficit (re-based and re-calculated as appropriate) for each of the years for which HESA now has data. Data were returned to HESA for financial year 1993/94 onwards; figures for these financial years are set out in earlier editions of this volume.

The number of individual institutions reporting a surplus or breakeven was 123 in 2002/03 compared with 109 in 2001/02. Deficits were reported by 48 institutions in 2002/03 compared with 62 institutions in 2001/02. 34 institutions reported deficits in both financial years.

The final table in this section aggregates figures for institutions funded by each of the four UK countries’ funding councils. It should be noted that in this and other tables, The Open University is counted as an institution based in England.

Table C - Income and expenditure by UK country(#6)
									(£ thousands)
	Financial Year 2002/03					Financial Year 2001/02
Location of Institution	Income	Expenditure	Surplus/ deficit(#7)	% of income		Income	Expenditure	Surplus/ deficit(#7)	% of income
England	12728918	12552857	176061	1.4%		11855338	11799046	56292	0.5%
Wales	748996	732204	16792	2.2%		696478	686040	10438	1.5%
Scotland	1766354	1748569	17785	1.0%		1656579	1655495	1084	0.1%
Northern Ireland	317703	318325	-622	-0.2%		291904	297596	-5692	-1.9%
Total	15561971	15351955	210016	1.3%		14500299	14438177	62122	0.4%
# see relevant footnote in notes to tables.

Income

The table and chart below summarise institutions’ sources of income in terms of proportions contributed by and the growth or otherwise of each source over time.

Table D - Sources of income(#6)
			(£ thousands)
	2002/03	2001/02	% change
Funding council grants	6054559	5700651	6.2%
Tuition fees & education grants & contracts	3743094	3342274	12.0%
Research grants & contracts	2595445	2432666	6.7%
Other income	2938382	2773968	5.9%
Endowment & investment income	230491	250740	-8.1%
Total income	15561971	14500299	7.3%
# see relevant footnote in notes to tables.

Funding council grants have shown a fifth consecutive increase this year and represent a 38.9% proportion of total income. Tuition fees & education grants & contracts represent a 24.1% proportion of total income. Previous years’ figures are those reported in the re-stated financial statements.

Funding council grants

Institutional funds for academic and other purposes are allocated primarily by the higher education funding councils for England, Wales and Scotland, and by the Department of Education for Northern Ireland acting as a funding agency for the four Northern Ireland higher education institutions. Some funds are also provided by the Teacher Training Agency (TTA), and further education funding councils in England and Wales in relation to some categories of FE teaching. (In Scotland it is impossible to disaggregate the funding of FE teaching.)

Table E - Breakdown of funding council grants 2002/03
		(£ thousands)
		% of total
HE Provision(#8)
Recurrent - teaching	4175721	69.0%
Recurrent - research	1177059	19.4%
Recurrent - other (inc. special funding)	486569	8.0%
Release of deferred capital grants - buildings	69009	1.1%
Release of deferred capital grants - equipment	60837	1.0%
FE provision(#9)	85364	1.4%
Total funding council grants	6054559	100.0%
# see relevant footnote in notes to tables.

Tuition fees and education grants and contracts

The total income for tuition fees & education grants & contracts increased by 12% this year from £3.34 billion in 2001/02 to £3.74 billion. Income from overseas students provided 29% of this category’s income.

Table F - Income from tuition fees and education grants and contracts 2002/03
		(£ thousands)
		% of total
HE course fees
Full-time UK & EC domiciled students charged standard fees	1302879	34.8%
Full-time UK & EC domiciled students charged non-standard fees	591208	15.8%
Part-time HE course fees	430728	11.5%
Overseas (Non EC)	1085437	29.0%
Sub-total HE course fees	3410252	91.1%
Non-credit-bearing course fees	269554	7.2%
FE course fees	20594	0.6%
Research training support grants	42694	1.1%
Total tuition fees & education grants & contracts	3743094	100.0%

Research grants and contracts

Research grants & contracts increased by 6.7% this year from £2.4 billion in 2001/02 to £2.6 billion. The Office of Science and Technology (OST) research councils continue to be the largest providers by representing a 31.6% proportion of total research grants & contracts income.

Table G - Income from research grants and contracts 2002/03
		(£ thousands)
		% of total
OST research councils	819997	31.6%
UK based charities	652655	25.1%
UK central government bodies, local, health & hospital authorities	456162	17.6%
UK industry, commerce & public corps	257496	9.9%
EU government bodies	183913	7.1%
EU other	34259	1.3%
Other overseas	130013	5.0%
Other sources	60950	2.3%
Total research grants & contracts	2595445	100.0%

Other income

This category increased by 5.9% this year from £2.8 billion in 2001/02 to £2.9 billion.

Table H - Other income 2002/03
		(£ thousands)
		% of total
Other services rendered
Course validation fees	17889	0.6%
Teaching companies	28864	1.0%
UK central government bodies, local authorities, health & hospital authorities	224798	7.7%
UK industry, commerce & public corporations	143802	4.9%
EU government bodies	53743	1.8%
EU other	8107	0.3%
Other overseas	32481	1.1%
Other sources	245777	8.4%
Sub-total other services rendered	755461	25.7%
Residences & catering operations	995551	33.9%
Grants from local authorities	1351	0.0%
Income from health & hospital authorities	245356	8.4%
Released from deferred capital grants	50269	1.7%
Income from intellectual property rights	23843	0.8%
Other operating income	866551	29.5%
Total other income	2938382	100.0%

Expenditure

The 6.3% (£914 million) rise in expenditure to £15.4 billion as shown in Table I was largely made up of an increase of £614 million in staff costs and £246 million in other operating expenses.

Table I - Expenditure, financial years ending 2002/03 and 2001/02(#6)
			(£ thousands)
	2002/03	2001/02	% change
Staff costs	8984514	8371003	7.3%
Other operating expenses	5442041	5196420	4.7%
Depreciation	725585	669297	8.4%
Interest payable	199815	201457	-0.8%
Total	15351955	14438177	6.3%
# see relevant footnote in notes to tables.

The percentage distribution of expenditure by activity within the total as shown in Table J has changed little from the previous year. Academic departments represent a 41.7% proportion of total expenditure and residences and catering operations represent a proportion of just 6.2%.

The clinical medicine cost centre and business & management studies cost centre continue to have the largest share of total expenditure with 9.5% and 9.4% respectively, spending £607 million and £602 million in 2002/03. The social studies cost centre and nursing & paramedical studies cost centre have a 7.4% and 6.8% share of total expenditure respectively. They spent £474 million and £434 million in 2002/03.

Table J - Distribution of expenditure by activity 2002/03
		(£ thousands)
		% of total
Academic departments	6394756	41.7%
Academic services	1137817	7.4%
Administrative & central services	2055025	13.4%
Premises	1620385	10.6%
Residences & catering operations	945346	6.2%
Research grants & contracts	2250611	14.7%
Other expenditure	948015	6.2%
Total expenditure	15351955	100.0%

Staff data

Analysis by staff grade is meaningful only where institutions have reported their staff within nationally recognised grade structures, or within internal grade structures that facilitate discrimination on a similar basis. Several institutions, including some large post-1992 universities, report their staff on a single grade structure lacking a separate category for the ‘Professor’ grade. Where this happens, Professors cannot be distinguished from staff on the Senior Lecturer (pre-1992) or Principal Lecturer (post-1992) grade, leading to Professors being zero-counted for those institutions and under-counted for the sector as a whole. This under-counting limits the scope of comparative analyses of the proportion of Professors within particular subject areas, by cost centres, by gender, and so on.

Summary of key points

• The total number of academic staff in the HE sector was 146,875, an increase of 2.6% on the 2001/02 figure of 143,150 (2000/01, 139,940).
• Of all full-time academic posts, 67% were wholly financed by the institutions themselves in 2002/03 (2001/02, 67%; 2000/01, 69%).
• The percentage of academic staff who were women was 39% in 2002/03 (2001/02, 38%; 2000/01, 37%). The number of female academic staff increased by 5.7% from 2001/02 to 2002/03, compared with a 0.7% increase for men.
• Of all full-time academic staff, 27% were employed in medicine, dentistry, or health departments.
• Of all researchers, 80% were supported by some element of external funding.
• Of full-time, non-clinical, wholly institutionally financed academic staff, 49% were aged over 45 (2001/02, 49%; 2000/01, 48%), and 91% (2001/02, 90%; 2000/01, 90%) were working in the same institution as in the previous year.
• The average age of all academic staff was 42 (2001/02, 42; 2000/01, 42).
• Of UK nationality staff, 5.6% (2001/02, 5.5%; 2000/01, 4.9%) of those of known ethnicity (93% of the total) had a non-white ethnicity and 1.8% (2001/02, 1.5%; 2000/01, 1.1%) of those of known disability status (94% of the total) had a disability.
• Since 2001/02, the total number of academic staff working in medicine, dentistry, and subjects allied to medicine has increased by 4.3%, and the number of those working in education has increased by 6.6%.

General

Table K - Summary - academic staff in all UK institutions 2002/03
United Kingdom
	Full-time	Part-time	Total
Mode of employment	120800	26080	146875
Gender
Female	42410	14610	57025
Male	78385	11465	89855
Principal source of salary
Wholly institutionally financed	80520	19985	100505
Other sources of finance	40275	6095	46370
Primary employment function
Teaching/Teaching & research	81255	19790	101045
Research only	39545	6290	45835
Grade(#12)
Professors	13170	1055	14225
Senior lecturers & researchers	23280	2070	25350
Lecturers	41110	9235	50345
Researchers	35625	5805	41435
Other grades	7610	7910	15520
Clinical status
Non-clinical	114710	25095	139810
Clinical	6085	980	7070
In this table 0, 1, 2 are rounded to 0. All other numbers are rounded up or down to the nearest 5. # see relevant footnote in notes to tables.

In the academic year to 31 July 2003, the total number of academic staff employed by UK HEIs increased by 2.6% to 146,875. Growth continued in the number of those employed full-time (from 119,900 to 120,800) who comprised some 82% of staff.

While just over one third (39%) of all staff were female, women comprised over a half (56%) of those working part-time.

67% of full-time posts were wholly financed by the institutions themselves, this proportion rising to 77% for part-time posts. 67% of full-time posts and 76% of part-time posts include teaching as a primary employment function.

Region and clinical status

Overall, 64% of full-time clinical posts were financed other than wholly by the institutions themselves; this compares with 33% for all full-time posts. Women made up 27% of all full-time staff with clinical status.

Full-time posts held by women were less likely to be funded wholly by the institutions themselves compared to men; 39% of such female staff were funded other than wholly by the institution compared with 30% of males. There was some variation at UK country level, most notably, 46% of full-time women employed in Scottish institutions were at least in part externally funded.

Table L - Full-time academic staff in all UK institutions by location of institution, gender, prinicipal source of salary and clinical status 2002/03
United Kingdom
	Location of institution
	England	Wales	Scotland	Northern Ireland	Total
All full-time staff	97345	5825	14585	3045	120800
Female	34315	1990	5040	1065	42410
Wholly institutionally financed	20850	1425	2720	735	25730
Non-clinical	20500	1390	2660	730	25280
Clinical	350	35	60	5	445
Other sources of finance	13465	565	2320	330	16680
Non-clinical	12435	545	2200	305	15485
Clinical	1030	20	120	25	1195
Male	63025	3835	9545	1980	78385
Wholly institutionally financed	43680	3055	6555	1500	54790
Non-clinical	42275	2985	6295	1490	53045
Clinical	1410	70	260	10	1745
Other sources of finance	19345	780	2990	480	23595
Non-clinical	17050	700	2755	395	20895
Clinical	2295	80	235	85	2700
In this table 0, 1, 2 are rounded to 0. All other numbers are rounded up or down to the nearest 5.

Departmental cost centres, principal source of salary and grade

Table M - Full-time academic staff in all UK institutions by principal source of salary, gender and departmental cost centre 2002/03
United Kingdom
	Wholly institutionally financed				All other sources of finance
	Female	Male	Total		Female	Male	Total
Departmental cost centres	25730	54790	80520		16680	23595	40275
Medicine, dentistry & health	7280	7850	15130		8895	8030	16920
Agriculture, forestry & veterinary science	405	1100	1510		345	370	720
Biological, mathematical & physical sciences	2660	11020	13680		4025	7770	11800
Engineering & technology	1425	9380	10805		1020	4710	5730
Architecture & planning	345	1345	1685		140	210	345
Administrative, business & social studies	5900	12375	18280		1280	1450	2730
Language based studies	2110	2610	4725		205	175	385
Other arts	2570	5630	8200		380	515	895
Education	2670	3005	5675		305	235	540
Academic services	245	295	540		65	95	160
Administration & central services	110	175	290		20	30	50
Premises	0	0	0		0	0	0
Residences & catering	0	0	0		0	0	0
In this table 0, 1, 2 are rounded to 0. All other numbers are rounded up or down to the nearest 5.

27% of all full-time staff worked in medicine, dentistry & health and a further 21% of all full-time staff worked in biological, mathematical & physical science departments.

38% of the sector’s female and 20% of the sector’s male full-time employees worked in medicine, dentistry & health. The biological, mathematical & physical science departments accounted for nearly a quarter (24%) of male full-time employees.

53% of full-time staff in the academic departments of medicine, dentistry & health and 46% in biological, mathematical & physical sciences were financed other than wholly by the institutions themselves. Departments with the fewest partially or wholly externally funded full-time staff were in the areas of language based studies (7.5%), education (8.7%) and other arts (9.8%).

Since the 2001/02 academic year, the total number of full-time academic staff working in education departments has increased by 2.7% and decreased in agriculture, forestry & veterinary science departments by 5.7%.

While overall, 33% of full-time staff were partially or wholly externally funded, 82% of full-time researchers were so financed; full-time researchers made up nearly three quarters (73%) of all staff for whom finance was received partially or wholly from outside the institution.

Table N - Full-time academic staff in all UK institutions by principal source of salary, grade(#12) and gender 2002/03
United Kingdom
	Principal source of salary
	Wholly institutionally financed	All other sources of finance	Total
Professors	11970	1195	13170
Female	1650	205	1860
Male	10320	990	11310
Senior lecturers & researchers	20770	2510	23280
Female	5310	845	6150
Male	15460	1670	17130
Lecturers	36130	4980	41110
Female	14085	2310	16395
Male	22045	2670	24715
Researchers	6420	29210	35625
Female	2675	12275	14950
Male	3745	16935	20675
Other grades	5230	2380	7610
Female	2005	1050	3055
Male	3225	1335	4560
Total	80520	40275	120800
In this table 0, 1, 2 are rounded to 0. All other numbers are rounded up or down to the nearest 5. # see relevant footnote in notes to tables.

Age

(Note: the figures in this section and the following section relate only to full-time non-clinical staff, wholly financed by the institution, unless otherwise stated.)

Table P - Full-time non-clinical wholly institutionally financed academic staff by grade(#12) and age 2002/03
United Kingdom
	Professors	Senior lecturers & researchers	Lecturers	Researchers	Other grades	Total
Under 26	0	5	210	695	255	1165
26-30	10	85	2735	1715	425	4970
31-35	95	995	6530	1385	490	9495
36-40	650	2975	7015	965	535	12135
41-45	1430	3650	5695	595	700	12070
46-50	2185	3765	5205	440	875	12470
51-55	3030	4445	4810	360	1005	13655
56-60	2480	3070	2655	200	605	9005
61-65	1160	1080	710	45	165	3155
66 +	85	60	20	10	25	200
Unknown	0	0	0	0	5	10
Total	11120	20140	35585	6410	5075	78330
In this table 0, 1, 2 are rounded to 0. All other numbers are rounded up or down to the nearest 5. # see relevant footnote in notes to tables.

Of those staff whose age was known, 49% were aged over 45 and 17% were aged between 51 and 55. 41% of senior lecturers & researchers were aged between 46 and 55, and exactly half (50%) of professors were aged between 51 and 60. Nearly three quarters (74%) of researchers were aged 40 years or under. The average mean age of all academic staff in the UK was 42.

Inflow/outflow

During the academic year to 31 July 2003, 91% of full-time, non-clinical, wholly institutionally financed academic staff were working in the same institution as they were one year earlier and a further 3.1% had been working in another HEI. A loss of 5,345 staff from the HE sector outnumbered the inflow of 4,535 staff. Retirement was the largest single known reason for departures and the sector gained more staff from overseas than left to work overseas. Caution should be exercised when further analysing staff flows on account of the size of the unknown category.

Table Q - Full-time, non-clinical, wholly institutionally financed academic staff by employment in the previous year and destination 2002/03
United Kingdom
	Total			Total
Employment in the previous year			Destination
Non-clinical	78330		Non-clinical	78330
Current institution	71345		Current institution	72045
UK other HEI	2450		UK other HEI	940
Inflow	4535		Outflow	5345
UK	2565		UK	640
Overseas	855		Overseas	425
Not in regular employment	95		Not in regular employment	315
Not known	1025		Retirement	1100
			Death	50
			Not known	2810
In this table 0, 1, 2 are rounded to 0. All other numbers are rounded up or down to the nearest 5.

Chart 3 displays graphically the inflow and outflow by age groups.

Ethnicity

Although 7.1% of academic staff of UK nationality were of unknown ethnic group, of those that were known 5.6% (5,870 staff) were of non-white ethnicity. Chart 4 shows the percentages of those of non-white ethnicity represented by each visible ethnic minority group.

Disability

Of the 94% of UK nationality staff who disclosed this information, 1.8% were known to be disabled.

Table R - Academic staff of UK nationality by disability status and mode of employment 2002/03
United Kingdom
	Known to be disabled	Not known to be disabled	Total of known disability status	Information not provided	Total
Total	1920	104640	106565	6205	112770
Full-time	1540	85975	87515	4980	92495
Part-time	380	18670	19050	1225	20275
In this table 0, 1, 2 are rounded to 0. All other numbers are rounded up or down to the nearest 5.

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¹ The number of Welsh institutions in this volume is different than reported in Students in Higher Education Institutions, due to the inclusion of finance and staff data from The University of Wales Registry.

² In the 2001/02 volume, it was reported in the summary of key points that there had been a decrease of £128 million in short-term investments. This figure should have been reported as an increase. The figure of £54 million was correctly reported as a decrease in 2000/01. In each case, Table A shows the correct figures; the only error was the misinterpretation in the summary of the 2001/02 figure.